Description
Swara refers to the seven fundamental notes of Indian music: Sa (Shadja), Re (Rishabh), Ga (Gandhar), Ma (Madhyam), Pa (Pancham), Dha (Dhaivat), and Ni (Nishad). Of these, Sa and Pa are considered fixed (achala), while the others can take shuddh (natural), komal (flat), or tivra (sharp) forms. The system of seven swaras provides the basic vocabulary from which all raags are constructed.